Math GRADE FIVE | GRADE SIX | GRADE SEVEN | GRADE EIGHT The math curriculum seeks to develop students' skills in computation, geometry, measurement and problem solving. Students learn how to reason, analyze problems and apply math skills to solve problems. There are four math levels in each grade. The curriculum is sequenced to ensure that skills are reinforced while the students advance from level to level.
A.	Grade Five Students learn concepts of numeration including place value, writing large numbers in standard and expanded form, rounding and estimating. They also learn about decimals and how to perform mathematical functions with decimals. The unit on fractions includes study of fraction concepts such as exponents, factoring, multiples, finding the greatest common factor and the least common multiple and finding fraction equivalents. Students then learn how to apply fraction concepts (adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing), write fractions as decimals and change decimals to fractions. Students also learn about percent. Fifth graders learn how to read and create graphs. In geometry, students learn how to compute the area of various shapes, and the characteristics of lines, angles, triangles, quadrilaterals and polygons. Finally, students learn pre-algebra concepts-order of operations, how to use variables, writing expressions and solving algebraic equations.
B.	Grade Six The sixth grade math program begins with a unit on measurement. Students learn liquids, weights and time and learn to apply these concepts in answering problems. The next unit focuses on number concepts-sequences, factors, exponents, prime and composite numbers, multiples and divisors, square roots and orders of operations. Students also study integers. The unit on rational numbers includes study of equivalent fractions, operations and problem solving with positive common fractions, converting common fractions to decimals and vice versa, operations and problem solving with decimals and scientific notation. Sixth graders then focus on the concepts of ratios, proportions and percents. The geometry unit includes study of angles, circles and polygons. Students learn measurement of geometric figures in terms of perimeter, area and volume. Sixth graders also study probability and basic statistics and continue to study algebra.
C.	Grade Seven The seventh grade curriculum opens with a unit on integers, including operations, powers, exponents and scientific notation. Students continue to study algebra, focusing on learning the language of algebra, solving equations and inequalities, solving two-variable equations, graphing two-variable relationships, computing slope, and studying patterns in linear equations and graphs. In algebra, students also learn functions, linear and quadratic functions, and polynomials. Seventh graders continue to study ratio and proportion, including relating proportions and graphs, solving proportions, using unit rates and solving problems using rates and proportions. In the unit on data analysis, students learn measures of central tendency, use of bar and line graphs and how to record and organize data and they continue to study percentages as well as geometry, similarity and congruence, area and volume, and measurement. The unit on rational and irrational numbers includes study of square roots, the Pythagorean theorem and operations on rational numbers. The course ends with a unit on counting and probability: tree diagrams and the counting principle, permutations and arrangements, combinations and groups.
D.	Grade Eight The math curriculum in eighth grade reviews and continues to teach, at an eighth grade level, the rules of algebra, including substitution and distributive properties and formal properties. Students study signed numbers, operations with monomials and operations with polynomials and they learn to solve first degree equations and inequalities in one variable, as well as how to solve various types of problems using first degree equations. Eighth graders study special products and factoring, including factoring of polynomials, the difference between perfect squares, trinomials and factoring completely. In algebra, students learn operations with algebraic fractions. They also study graphs of linear open sentences in two variables and systems of linear open sentences in two variables. Students continue to study ratio, proportion and variation, with a focus on solving verbal problems involving ratios and using proportions. Study of real numbers introduces the simplification of radical expressions, operations on radicals, solving radical equations and rationalizing irrational radical denominators. The students also study logic, quadratic equations, the quadratic formula, geometry and probability.

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